moment, when the sun begins to rise, which
is announced by the words "Glory to Thee, Who hast
shown us the light" followed by the Great Doxology
"Glory to God in the Highest". The ebb and flow
of the music and the texts also mirrors this waning and
flux of light, a merciful aspect of the Vigil, because,
as T.S. Eliot put it in his Four Quartets, "human
kind cannot bear very much reality".
In this recording Tracks 1 to 9 are from the Vespers:
they begin with the litany of peace, followed by "Blessed
is the man" from Psalm 1: then comes "Lord,
I cry unto Thee" and a sticheron to the Mother of
God (Dogmatic) followed by the evening prokeimenon (a
psalm verse) and two more litanies, one very fervent with
triple responses, the other a completion of evening prayer.
Tracks 10 to 18 are from Matins: they also begin with
the litany of peace, but this time to a different music
setting, then the Polyeleos, when the lamps are lit, and
then the Antiphon of Ascents and a song to the Mother
of God. The Great Doxology follows, plus a setting of
the little Trisagion and immediately after it the Great
Trisagion: then two litanies with differing settings,
and finally the dismissal troparion to the Mother of God
together with petitions to some of the saints.
Tracks 19 to 24 contain extracts from the services for
the springtime fast (Great Lent). The psalm "By the
waters of Babylon" is sung at Matins in the Slav
tradition on the three Sundays immediately before Lent
begins. There are two Irmoi (those of the first and the
ninth Odes) from the Great Canon of St Andrew of Crete,
which is a penitential canon and is sung in four sections
at Compline on the Monday evening through to Thursday
evening in the first week of Lent, and then again in its
entirety in the fourth week. "The Wise Thief"
is the Exapostilarion at the Matins on Great Friday, in
which there are 12 Gospel readings. The Irmos "Weep
not for Me, O Mother" is sung at the end of the Canon
for Matins on Great Saturday, and is repeated during Nocturns
at the point when the shroud is taken into the altar:
at this time the church is in semi-darkness, before the
Paschal Matins begins with its blaze of light in the surrounding
night. The final track comes from the Aposticha of the
Vespers of Great Friday and speaks of Joseph of Arimathea
and Nicodemus taking down from the cross the body of Christ
and who is described as "Thou Who deckest Thyself
with light as with a garment". The created light
may fade and die, but the Uncreated Light is Eternal.
THE HOLY TRINITY - ST JONAH MONASTERY, KIEV
A Short History of the Monastery
The Holy Trinity - St Jonah Monastery was founded in 1862
by St Jonah of Kiev t 1902. Bom Ivan Miroshnitchenko in
the Poltava region of Ukraine, the young St Jonah felt
a call to the monastic life, and after visiting many holy
places set out to visit St. Seraphim of Sarov, on whose
directions he soon became a monk with the name of Jonah
in the Bielo-Berezk hermitage in the Bryansk forests,
not far from Kiev.
On two occasions, 1 and 9 March 1862, the Mother of God
appeared to Jonah in a vision instructing him to found
a monastery in a location she would indicate to him. He
was directed to go to Kiev, and to establish a new monastery
in a place where a pillar of flame would appear.
St Jonah began to build the monastery, and with the blessing
of Metropolitan Philaret Drozdov of Moscow, a petition
for the establishment of a monastery was sent to the Emperor
Alexander II. Initially the petition met with no approval
from the Imperial council, and after the council meeting
ended, the Emperor went out into the garden where there
was an assassination attempt on his life. His life was
spared, and the Tsar, in gratitude, granted the petition
to build the monastery.
In time St Jonah, his many visions and miraculous healings
became famous throughout Russia.
In 1934 the monastery was dispersed, and a botanical garden
was created in its place in 1936. The monastery came to
life again in the first half of the 1990s. The main church,
built in 1871-1872, and enlarged in 1897, has a side chapel
dedicated to the Icon of the Mother of God, Three hands,
which was especially venerated by St Jonah.
The relics of St Jonah, which had been transferred to
the Zverinetskoe cemetery, now lie in the crypt under
the church.
Services are occasionally held at another ancient monument,
the Zverinetskoe cave complex, 750 metres to the North-West
of the monastery. The underground caves were discovered
in the 1880s and it was immediately recognised as an ancient
burial crypt of a previously unknown monastery. It was
not possible to anything at the time as the land was a
military zone, but in 1911, the abbot Valentin, with the
assistance of an influential nobleman, Prince Vladimir
Zhevakhov, he was able to rent part of the land, which
allowed archeological research to be carried out. It was
found that it was one of several such complexes in the
area, used for the burial of monks and dating back to
before the 13th century. In time, the abbot was able to
open a skete, and a church was built there, dedicated
to the Feast of the Nativity of the Mother of God and
St Josaphat of Belgorod, (an ancestor of the Prince Zhevakhov).
In 1934 both the Skete and the church were destroyed,
and the property became part of the Kiev History Museum.
It became known as 'Underground Kiev', and new research
and conservation work was carried out by the Museum. This
work facilitated the reopening of the Skete once again
in 1977.
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